Strontium carbonate
Carbonatka Strontium waa walxo ceeriin oo warshadeed oo muhiim ah oo leh adeegsi badan.Waa macdanta karbohaydrayt, oo ka tirsan kooxda aragonite, taas oo aad dhif u ah waxayna ku dhacdaa limestone ama marlstone qaabka xididdada.Dabeecadda, inta badan waxay ku jirtaa qaabka macdanta rhodochrosite iyo strontite, oo ku wada nool barium carbonate, barite, calcite, celestite, fluorite iyo sulfide, ur aan lahayn oo aan dhadhamin, inta badan budo cad oo cad ama crystal rhombic aan midab lahayn, ama cawl, jaale-cad. cagaar ama bunni marka ay wasakhdu qaado.Kaarboonka strontium waa irbad qaabaysan, wadarkeeduna waa inta badan cirbadaha granular, columnar, iyo shucaaca.Muuqaalkeedu waa mid aan midab lahayn, caddaan, cagaar-jaalle ah, oo leh iftiin dhalaalaya oo dhalaal ah, dhalaal saliid jaban, jajaban, iyo iftiin daciif ah oo buluug khafiif ah oo hoos yimaada shucaaca cathode.Kaarboonayumka Strontium waa mid deggan, aan lagu milmi karin biyaha, wax yarna ku milmi kara ammonia, ammonium carbonate iyo kaarboon laba ogsaydh oo dareere ah oo buuxa, oo aan lagu milmi karin khamriga.Intaa waxaa dheer, strontium carbonate sidoo kale waa walxo ceeriin ah oo muhiim u ah celestite, oo ah ilo macdanta naadir ah.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, heerka sare ee celestiet waa ku dhawaad daal.
Iyadoo horumarinta joogtada ah ee warshadaha adduunka, goobta codsiga ee strontium ayaa sidoo kale ballaarisay.Laga soo bilaabo qarnigii 19-aad ilaa bilawgii qarnigan, dadku waxay isticmaaleen strontium hydroxide si ay u sameeyaan sonkorta iyo nadiifinta sharoobada dabocase;Intii lagu jiray labadii dagaal ee adduunka, xeryahooda strontium ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay soo saarista rashka iyo bambooyinka calaamadaha;Sanadihii 1920-meeyadii iyo 1930-meeyadii, strontium carbonate ayaa loo isticmaalay sidii desulfurizer-ka loogu talagalay samaynta birta si looga saaro baaruudda, fosfooraska iyo walxaha kale ee waxyeelada leh;1950-meeyadii, strontium carbonate ayaa loo isticmaalay in lagu nadiifiyo zinc soo saarista zinc electrolytic, oo nadiif ah 99.99%;Dabayaaqadii 1960-meeyadii, strontium carbonate waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay maadada magnetic;Strontium titanate waxaa loo isticmaalaa xasuusta kombiyuutarka, iyo strontium chloride waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida shidaalka;Sannadkii 1968-kii, strontium carbonate ayaa lagu dabaqay muraayadda midabka TV-ga sababtoo ah waxaa la ogaaday in loo isticmaalo waxqabadka wanaagsan ee raajada.Hadda baahida ayaa si degdeg ah u kordheysa waxayna noqotay mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu muhiimsan ee codsiga strontium;Strontium waxay sidoo kale ballaarineysaa baaxadeeda codsi ee dhinacyada kale.Tan iyo markaas, strontium carbonate iyo xeryahooda kale ee strontium (salsooyinka strontium) sida alaabta ceeriin ee muhiimka ah ee cusbada ah ayaa helay fiiro iyo feejignaan baahsan.
Sida alaabta ceeriin ee muhiimka ah ee warshadaha, strontium carbonatewaxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa soo saarista tuubooyinka sawirada, kormeerayaasha, kormeerayaasha warshadaha, qaybaha elektiroonigga ah, iwm.Isla mar ahaantaana, strontium carbonate sidoo kale waa alaabta ceeriin ee ugu weyn ee diyaarinta strontium macdan iyo cusbada strontium kala duwan.Intaa waxaa dheer, strontium carbonate sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa in wax soo saarka ee rashka, galaas fluorescent, bambooyin signal, samaynta warqad, daawo, reagents gorfaynta, sifaynta sonkorta, sifaynta biraha electrolyte biraha zinc, strontium pigment soo saarka, iwm Iyadoo baahida sii kordheysa ee baahida sare. -Purity strontium carbonate, sida TV-yada midabka waaweyn, bandhigyada midabada ee kombuyuutarrada iyo qalabka magnetka ee waxqabadka sare leh, iwm. Wax soo saarka strontium ee Japan, Maraykanka, Jarmalka iyo wadamada kale ee horumaray ayaa hoos u dhacay sanadba sanadka ka dambeeya sababtoo ah si ay u yaraato xididdada macdanta, kor u kaca kharashka tamarta iyo wasakhowga deegaanka.Ilaa hadda, suuqa codsiga ee strontium carbonate waa la arki karaa.
Hadda, waxaan soo bandhigi doonaa codsiga gaarka ah ee strontium carbonate:
Marka ugu horeysa, strontium carbonate waxay u qaybsan tahay granular iyo sifooyinka budada.granular waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa galaaska TV ee Shiinaha, iyo budada waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in wax soo saarka ee strontium ferrite qalabka magnetic, bir dhalaalaysa nonferrous, wadnaha pyrotechnic cas iyo wax soo saarka ee strontium karbonat-nadiifinta sare ee qaybaha elektarooniga ah horumarsan sida PTC. Inta badan loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka muraayadda TV iyo muraayadda, strontium ferrite, alaabta magnetic iyo desulfurization biraha nonferrous, iyo sidoo kale loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka ee rashka, galaas fluorescent, bamka Signal, warqad samaynta, daawo, reagent gorfaynta iyo alaabta ceeriin wax soo saarka kale cusbada strontium.
Isticmaalka ugu muhiimsan ee strontium carbonate ee codsiyada elektaroonigga ah waa:
Waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista soo-dhowaynta telefiishanka midabka (CTV) si loo nuugo electrons-ka ay dhaliso cathode
1. Wax-soo-saarka strontium ferrite ee magnets-ka joogtada ah ee loo isticmaalo cod-baahiyeyaasha iyo magnets-ka albaabka
2.Production ee tube cathode ray for TV midabka
3.Sidoo kale loo isticmaalo electromagnets iyo strontium ferrite
4.Waxaa laga dhigi karaa matoor yar, magnets separators iyo sameecadaha
5.X-ray-yada nuuga
6.It waxaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarida qaar ka mid ah superconductors, sida BSCCO, iyo sidoo kale qalabka electroluminescent.Marka hore, waxa lagu daraa SrO, ka dibna lagu qaso baaruud si loo sameeyo SrS: x, halkaas oo x ay inta badan tahay europium.
Warshadaha dhoobada, strontium carbonate ayaa ka ciyaara doorkan:
1. Waxaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa sida qayb ka mid ah glaze.
2.Waxay u shaqeysaa sida qulqulka
3. Beddel midabka qaar ka mid ah oksaydhyada biraha.
Dabcan,Isticmaalka ugu badan ee strontium carbonate waa sida midab raqiis ah ee rashka.
Marka la soo koobo, kaarboonka strontium waxaa si ballaaran loo isticmaalaa, inta badan soo saarista muraayadda TV-ga iyo muraayadda bandhigga, strontium ferrite, qalabka magnetic iyo desulfurization biraha nonferrous iyo warshadaha kale, ama wax soo saarka ee rashka, galaaska fluorescent, bambooyin signal, samaynta warqad, daawo , reagennada falanqaynta iyo alaabta ceeriin ee lagu soo saaro cusbada strontium kale.
Sida laga soo xigtay tirokoobyada, Shiinaha ayaa leh in ka badan 20 shirkadood oo ku hawlan wax soo saarka strontium carbonate, oo leh wadarta wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah 289000 tons, noqday wax soo saarka iyo macaamiisha ugu weyn ee dunidu ee galalka carbonated, iyo dhoofinta dhammaan qaybaha adduunka, ku raaxaysan sumcad sare. suuqa caalamiga ah.Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka kastamka, dhoofinta Shiinaha ee strontium carbonate sannadihii la soo dhaafay waa siday u kala horreeyaan 78700 tan ee 2003, 98000 tan 2004 iyo 33000 tan ee 2005, xisaabaadka 34.25%, 36.8% ee dalka iyo 39.5% wax soo saarka. 54.7% iyo 57.8% ganacsiga suuqyada caalamiga ah.Celestite, alaabta ceeriin ee ugu weyn ee strontium carbonate, waa macdan ku yar adduunka waana kheyraad macdanta dhif ah oo aan dib loo cusboonaysiin karin.
Sida aan wada ognahay, strontium waa kheyraad macdaneed oo muhiim ah oo leh isticmaalka ballaaran.Mid ka mid ah adeegsigeeda waa in lagu farsameeyo cusbada strontium, sida strontium carbonate, strontium titanate, nitrate, strontium oxide, strontium chloride, strontium chromate, strontium ferrite, iwm. Waxaa ka mid ah, qadarka ugu badan waa in la soo saaro strontium carbonate.
Shiinaha, karbonteenna strontium waxay leedahay faa'iido gaar ah marka la eego sahayda iyo wax soo saarka.Waxaa la dhihi karaa in rajada suuqa ee strontium carbonate ay tahay mid rajo leh.
1.Qaabka burburka ee kakan.
Celestite waa la jajabiyey oo waxaa lagu falceliyay xal dambas soodhaha ah 2 saacadood heerkulka falcelinta ee 100 ℃.Xaddiga bilowga ah ee soodhiyam carbonate waa 20%, qaddarka sodium kaarboonayt ee lagu daray waa 110% qaddarka aragtida, cabbirka qayb ka mid ah budada macdanta waa 80 mesh.Xaaladdan oo kale, heerka burburku wuxuu gaari karaa in ka badan 97%.Sifeynta ka dib, fiirsashada sodium sulfate ee shaandhada waxay gaari kartaa 24%.Ku garaac karbonatka strontium ceeriin biyo, ku dar xawaashka hydrochloric acid slurry pH3, ka dib 2 ~ 3h at 90 ~ 100 ℃, ku dar barium ka saar si aad uga saarto barium, ka dibna ku hagaaji slurry leh ammonia pH6.8 ~ 7.2 si looga saaro wasakhda. .Sifeynta ka dib, sifeeyaha wuxuu soo daadiyaa strontium carbonate leh ammonium bicarbonate ama xal ammonium carbonate, ka dibna shaandheyn si loo saaro xalalka ammonium chloride.Ka dib marka la qalajiyo keega filter, badeecada strontium carbonate waa la diyaariyaa.
SrSO4+Na2CO3→SrCO3+Na2SO4
SrCO3+2HCl→SrCl2+CO2↑+H2O
SrCl2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3+NH4Cl+HCl
2.Qaabka dhimista dhuxusha.
Celestite iyo dhuxusha la jajabiyey ayaa la jajabiyaa si ay u dhaafaan 20 meshes sida alaabta ceeriin, saamiga macdanta iyo dhuxusha waa 1: 0.6 ~ 1: 0.7, la dhimay oo lagu dubay heerkulka 1100 ~ 1200 ℃, ka dib 0.5 ~ 1.0h, walxaha calcined waa la casiiyaa laba jeer, hal mar ayaa la dhaqay, lagu caleemiyay 90 ℃, waa la qooyay 3 saac mar kasta, iyo wadarta heerka dheecaanku wuxuu gaari karaa in ka badan 82%.Xalka leaching waa la sifeeyaa, hadhaaga shaandhada waxaa daadiya acid hydrochloric, strontiumna waa la soo kabanayaa, shaandhada waxaa lagu daraa xal mirabilite ah si looga saaro barium, ka dibna ku dar ammonium bicarbonate ama sodium carbonate xal si ay uga falceliso si ay u dhaliso roobka strontium carbonate (ama si toos ah ugaarboonaysii kaarboon dioxide), ka dibna kala saar, qallaji, oo shiid si aad u soo saarto strontium carbonate alaabta.
SrSO4+2C→SrS+2CO2
2SrS+2H2O → Sr (OH) 2+Sr (HS) 2
Sr(OH)2+Sr(HS)2+2NH4HCO3→2Sr(CO3+2NH4HS+2H2O
3.Xalka kuleylka ee strontium siderite.
Siderite strontium iyo kookaha waa la jajabiyaa waxaana la isku daraa isku dar ah iyadoo loo eegayo saamiga macdanta iyo coke = 10: 1 (miisaanka miisaanka).Ka dib markii la dubay at 1150 ~ 1250 ℃, kaarboonaydhyadu waa la googooyaa si ay u soo saaraan clinker ka kooban strontium oxide iyo oksaydhyada kale ee birta ah.Clinker-ka waxaa lagu daadiyaa saddex tallaabo, heerkulka ugu fiicana waa 95 ℃.Talaabada labaad iyo ta saddexaadba waxa lagu soo dayn karaa.Ku dhaqan 70-80 ℃.Xalka dheecaanku wuxuu ka dhigayaa fiirsashada strontium hydroxide inay noqoto 1mol/L, taas oo u sahlaysa kala-soocidda wasakhda Ca2+iyo Mg2+.Ku dar ammonium bicarbonate shaandheynta si aad u hesho karbonateet strontium.Ka dib kala-soocidda, qalajinta iyo burburinta, strontium carbonate dhammayn ayaa la helay.
SrCO3→SrO+C02↑
SrO+H2O→Sr(OH)2
Sr(OH)2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3↓+NH3·H2O+H2O
4. Isticmaalka dhamaystiran.
Laga soo bilaabo brine dhulka hoostiisa ah oo ay ku jiraan bromine iyo strontium, strontium oo ay ku jirto khamriga hooyada ka dib marka la soo saaro bromine waxaa lagu nadiifiyaa lime, uumi baxa, la saaro oo la qaboojiyo, waxaana laga saaraa sodium chloride, ka dibna calcium ayaa laga saarayaa soodhaha, iyo ammonium bicarbonate ayaa lagu daraa si ay u beddesho. strontium hydroxide galay roobka strontium carbonate, ka dibna biyo raaci oo la qalajiyey si loo soo saaro strontium carbonate alaabta.
SrC12+2NaOH→Sr(OH)2+2NaCl
Sr(OH)2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3+NH3·H2O+H2O
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